Residence permit the right to legal residence in Poland, which is granted to third-country nationals (outside EU, NO, IS, LI, CH) and to stateless persons at their request, on the basis of an administrative decision issued by the voivode or the Head of the Office for Foreigners (as part of the appeal procedure).
As a result of granting this right a residence card is issued, which is an identity document. A residence card not only confirms the right of residence but also enables — provided the holder has a valid travel document — crossing the Polish border without the necessity of holding a visa, if required, or respecting the permissible period in visa-free movement. Constitutes also serves as the basis for travelling within the Schengen area for a period of 90 days in every 180-day period.
We distinguish the following types of residence permits:
- Temporary residence permit — granted for a period of 3 months to 3 years, depending on the main purpose of stay. Constitutes the primary means of legalising the residence of foreigners in Poland.
- Permanent residence permit — granted indefinitely, on the basis of national provisions, mainly to persons holding the Polish Card (Karta Polaka), of Polish descent, or whose indefinite stay is justified on family grounds. The residence card is issued for a period of 10 years.
- EU long-term resident's residence permit - granted indefinitely. It is regulated at the EU level by Directive 2003/109/EC on the status of long-term residents. It is granted upon demonstrating, as the rules require, at least 5 years of legal and uninterrupted residence in Poland and proving that one holds a legal title to the occupied dwelling, adequate income, insurance and a confirmed knowledge of the Polish language.
As a result of granting a residence permit (temporary residence permit, permanent residence permit and EU long-term resident permit) a residence card is issued, which is an identity document.
A residence card not only confirms the right of residence but also enables — provided the holder has a valid travel document — crossing the Polish border without the necessity of holding a visa, if required, or respecting the permissible period in visa-free movement. Constitutes also serves as the basis for travelling within the Schengen area for a period of 90 days in every 180-day period.
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